https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto en-US dacian.but@ubbcluj.ro (Dacian Bud-Căpușan) nicolaeturcan@gmail.com (Nicolae Turcan) Mon, 30 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 OJS 3.3.0.13 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/138 Teofil Tia Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/138 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/118 The way to Emmaus (Lk. 24:13-35) - Highlights of a Catechesis of today's Youth. Young people and intellectuals are two special, imperative ”targets” of the mission of the contemporary Church.The present study points out that in the Emmaus episode, we have the unique model of ecumenical catechesis, gave by the Savior Christ himself, and united with its final goal, the Eucharistic communion with Him. The Christian Churches, everywhere, must appropriate this as a unique, ecumenical missionary objective in the youth ministry, today and tomorrow. The solution of the ”Traveling Stranger” on the way to Emmaus can also be the applicable solution in the catechizing mission of today's young people.The catechetical objective of this scene is none other than that of the Church's preoccupation with the transformation of the status of the young catechized: from mere travelers through life, into ”lay apostles” of Jesus. Stelian Tofană Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/118 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/119 In this article, I have tried to show that the name „doubting” Thomas is not suitable for himifwe look at the big event of Resurrection and its effects on Jesus`disciples in the biblical context. The fact that Thomas tries to think about Resurrection in a rational way, is not a sign of unbelief. So, from this perspective, this attempt hadt he goal to show thatthe rationality and the spirit of human being, are two parts of spiritual growth processtobe in relationship with Jesus. Fromt his perspective, I have an alyzed the dialogue that Thomas had withboth disciples and Jesus until the recognition moment of His divinity. Thus, the heavy search of Thomas to have personal experiencewith Jesus, followed by his confession, is the proof that every person from all generations, have got the possibility to know Jesus as real God, by living a pure life in His church. Dan Andrei Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/119 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/120 The work analyzes the concept of communion between people and God in the context of the Church, affirming that it exists from eternity in the divine plan and was established by Jesus Christ through the Cross and Resurrection. The call to discipleship is researched, highlighting the fact that, during Jesus’ earthly life, it was addressed directly to the apostles, and now it is transmitted through the Word and the mysteries of the Church. The present study brings a deep perspective on Pauline theology and teachings on the Body of Christ, emphasizing the intimate relations hip and participation of Christians in the life of Jesus through the Mysteries of the Church. Ionuț Suciu Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/120 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/121 The Revival of the Orthodox University Theological Institute from Cluj-Napoca (1990). The old Orthodox Theological Institute in Cluj existed between 1924- 1952. Unfortunately, in 1952, it was abolished by the communist rule in Romania. After the Revolution of December 1989, in the new conditions it was natural tomake a moral reparation to the Orthodox theological education in Cluj.The initiative for this restoration came from Rev. Prof. Dr. Alexandru Moraru, Rev. Prof. Dr. Valer Bel, Rev. Prof. Vasile Stanciu and Pr. Stelian Tofană. A memorandum was drawnup, which, with the blessing of Archbishop Teofil Herineanu, was submitted to the Romanian Patriarchate and the state authorities, in order to obtain approval for the re-establishment of the Institute. The Holy Synod of our Church decided (on February 12, 1990) to re-establish the Theological Institute in Cluj-Napoca. Theyweredesignated: in theposition of rector Rev. Prof. Dr. Alexandru Moraru, and in that of vice-rector Deacon. Prof. Dr. Ioan Vasile Leb.Regardingthespace, it wasagreedthat, tobeginwith, thenew institute wouldfunction in the same building as theTheologicalSeminary, whichhadactuallybeentheformerTheological Institute.On November 22, 1990, in thepresence of severalmembers of theHolySynodled byPatriarch Teoctist Arăpașu, theofficialreopening of theOrthodox University Theological Institute in Cluj-Napoca took place. Alexandru Moraru Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/121 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/122 The Constantinian Indictment against the Persecutors, Pagans and Heretics. In the historical literature dedicated to emperor Constantine the Great, we observe he was apprehended as an apologist of Christianity. Starting from such premises, we propose an analysis of the position the faithful basileus adopted towards the ones that previously persecuted the Christians, towards the ones that were still not converted to Christianity, and towards the ones that distorted the Christian teachings. In this sense, we will make use of the springs, orations and official acts fr om Eusebian corpus and we will synthesize the accusations the emperor brought to the opponents of the Christian religion, his arguments and personal spiritual motivations. As an apologist in front of the pagans, persecutors and heretics, Constantine the Great precisely identified the elements that generated conflicts in the relationships between Christianity, the pagan religions and the heretic manifestation. His indictment against the adversaries of Christianity perceived as a vehicle of imperial unity and path towards personal salvation is unsparing, and the imperial legislative measures are explicit. Gabriel-Viorel Gârdan Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/122 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/123 The connections of Metropolitan Andrei Șaguna with the Deanery of Bârgău The study presents the correspondence of the Bishop (the future Metropolitan of Transylvania) Andrei Șaguna with the Deanery of Bârgău between 1849-1859, the situation of the Orthodox confessional schools in the Deanery during this period. In 1852, the Bishop visited the Deanery of Bârgău, at the parish of Galații Bistriței, where a stone church was built. Andrei Șaguna approved the plan for the new church and made a donation for its construction. The church was consecrated in 1901 by Andrei Șaguna's successor, Metropolitan Ioan Mețianu. Mircea Gelu Buta Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/123 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/124 In the present study we will analyze some statistical data regarding the village Giula, Boșa commune, Cluj county, from the 18th-20th centuries. Far from being an exhaustive study of the problem, it is intended to be an overview of the demographic evolution - ethnic and confessional through the view of some of the state or church statistical data of that period. The study aims to contribute to completing a gap in the history of the locality and a prelude to an extensive and complex monographic study. Nicolae-Dragoș Kerekes Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/124 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/125 On the ways of the apostolate: Father Florea Mureșanu and martyrdom in communist prisons. We dedicate the present study to the memory of a worthy servant of the Romanian Orthodox Church, by profession priest and dean of Cluj, Father Florea Mureșanu. We highlight aspects related to the mission he carried out within the Romanian Orthodox Church, respectively in the Diocese of Vad, Feleac and Cluj, his relations with the church and political authorities, as well as the dramatic death by which he ended his life. Vasile Rojneac Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/125 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/126 The lawyers Avram Iancu and Amos Francu, promoters of justice and rights of Romanians in Transylvania. This article is a tribute to Avram Iancu, on the 200th anniversary of his birth. The parallel between him and Amos Frâncu represents only the beginning of an extensive research that we undertake looking for old documents, yet unpublished. The lawyers Avram Iancu and Amos Frâncu remain emblematic figures in Romanian history, representing courage, devotion, and sacrifice in the fight for socio-political equity, fundamental rights, and freedoms, in promoting the aspirations of the Romanian people in Transylvania. They constitute, over the centuries, a source of inspiration for lawyers and politicians. Diana Carmen Botar Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/126 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/127 The study is part of the research carried out on the theme of alterity, its purpose being to observe how Christians were described by Muslims in internal and external documents, as well as in Romanian and Turkish chronicles. The vastness of the theme, understood through the period and the extended geographical framework, determined a circumscription of its approach. Thus, by Christians is meant especially the Romanians or the peoples of South-Eastern Europe on the „border” with the Ottoman Empire, and by Turks the great Ottoman Empire. We can say from the beginning that the relations between the Sublime Porte and the Romanian Countries change quite often, and through the conclusion of the peace treaties this can also be seen in the characteristics that the Turks attribute to Christians. If in times of conflict Christians and their leaders are described as „damned, full of stubbornness, hateful and bloodthirsty”, „riders of errant faith”, „bearers of misfortune”, „rebels”, etc., when they become subjects of the sultan, and moreover they participate in the battle with the Turkish army, as was the case in the time of Stephen the Great, by the attacks in southern Poland, the leader of the Christians, Stephen described before as „damned, wretched and arrogant”, becomes „a very skilled man and a great master in fighting giaours”. The internal and external documents consulted for the research of the proposed theme are published with translation in the Romanian editions. Of course, in the analysis of the topic, sources published in various other editions or unpublished sources are also extremely useful. The Romanian chronicles are also published, and the Turkish ones are accompanied by a translation into Romanian. Ioan-Alin Hirișcău Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/127 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/128 Evolution and Current Paradigms of Religious Freedom and Public Funding for Religious Communities in Sweden. The long history of religious communities within Sweden’s legal landscape showcases a journey of evolution spanning five hundred years. This journey has seen significant shifts in how the Swedish state interacts with its religious communities. Particularly, the recent developments in accessing non-reimbursable state funding for these communities underscore a complex and nuanced dialogue, revealing the intricate balance of cooperation and contention between them. Despite Sweden’s hypersecularized stance, the state’s seemingly generous attitude towards religious communities and their ease of access to funding conceals deeper strains. These strains spotlight delicate topics that can ignite particularly heated debates. A notable effort to change the dynamic of state funding for religious communities in 2022, aimed at fundamentally altering this interplay, was ultimately shelved by legislators. This scenario underlines a sometimes-confrontational relationship, mirroring the continuous effort to negotiate the coexistence and acknowledgment of religious communities within the Swedish society. Octavian-Horațiu Mureșan Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/128 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/129 Receiving Christ or God’s love into our lives. The Nativity is the ultimate manifestation of God’s love, the only new thing under the sun. We will never be able to measure and never fully comprehend with our minds the dimensions of this extraordinary event of God’s descent among men as true God and true man. God met our deepest aspirations and gave us an unexpected and unexpected gift. When we could no longer go to Him, because of the darkness of our sin and misery, He came to us as a great and clear light. But He calls us to sense and see His presence and work in the Church and in the world and to receive Him in our lives. An important role for the response to the call of the Savior is the participation in the Church services, because living the history of salvation is updated and made accessible to everyone in the Church services. Valer Bel Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/129 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/130 This article presents Ion Petrovici’s philosophical conception and his arguments in defense of metaphysics. Influenced by Kantianism, the Romanian philosopher promoted an idealism that opposes subjectivism and positivist agnosticism while weakening Kantian agnosticism. Petrovici strongly defended metaphysics, considering it essential both from a theoretical perspective, for the overall understanding of the world, and from a practical one, influencing human conduct. He rejected the idea that the positive sciences could replace metaphysics, pointing out that their subject matter and methods differ significantly, and also criticised views that consider metaphysics an outdated discipline, arguing that it continues to offer valuable insights into reality. Finally, Petrovici stressed the importance of the empiricist-rationalist method in metaphysics, complemented by aesthetic and mystical approaches, to achieve a deeper understanding of reality. Nicolae Turcan Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/130 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/131 Ion Mihălcescu - Compendium of Symbolic Theology, Printing of Church Books, Bucharest, 1902 - Analysis. The study makes an analysis of the first Romanian Symbolic: Compendium of Symbolic Theology (1902). In the history of Systematic Theology disciplines, the appearance of the first handbook of Symbolic Theology in Romanian Orthodoxy, more than 120 years ago, is a moment that cannot be overlooked. Its author, the priest professor Ion Mihălcescu, later Metropolitan of Moldova, was one of the greatest dogmatists of the Romanian Orthodox Church, considered the greatest Romanian theologian of the first half of the 20th century. Although written more than a century ago, during which important progress was made in clarifying the doctrinal differences between the three great Christian confessions, Ion Mihălcescu's compendium, retains its relevance. Dacian But-Căpușan Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/131 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/132 Fr. Dumitru Stăniloae is for sure the most important Romanian theologian of all times. Among the topics approached in his works, peace is, for sure, one of his important themes. I will try there to analyse his vision on this topic and to distinguish between the two levels of the way he understands peace namely the practical and the theoretical one. For the second part, the focus will be rather on the articles published in the interwar period, where the perspective will not be only a theological one, but also with references to the social, cultural, historical and political realities, a fact that will not be any more encountered in his work belonging to Communist period, because the censorship will not allow it. I will try to emphasize there the way how he saw peace in relationship both with the spiritual life, freedom, idea of community and nation, or with outcomes like the monastic or the hermitic life. Maxim (Iuliu-Marius) Morariu Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/132 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/133 Abbot Paisius from Neamț - the renewer of monasticism Abbot Paisius was not a church writer in the proper sense of the word, but a practical doer, the creator of a multilateral monastic brotherhood and a school of copyists and translators of the Holy Fathers. The abbot's literary activity was determined by his living conditions. Hieromonk Leonid, docent of the Theological Academy in Leningrad, analyzing the work of Paisius, shows that his works consist of transcripts from various sources, regarding the problems of monastic life in general and his community in particular, teachings written on different occasions, answers to problems what appeared to him, official reports to the spiritual authorities and his autobiography. Abbot Paisius, for his work as a translator, was called the renewer of Russian monastic life and the first guide and educator in ascetic readings. In the 18th and early 19th centuries in Russia, ascetic literature was still poor. It was enriched by the translations of Abbot Paisius. Raul-Vasile Pap Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/133 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/134 The present research travels through the conceptual and psycho-emotional universe outlined by the Italian psychiatrist Giacomo Dacquino, trying to identify relevant tracks in the pastoral context of analyzing the emotional realities specific to the third age. We „cut out” from the thought of the emeritus Italian teacher an exciting conviction: we are constantly rebuilding and remodeling ourselves, according to some benchmarks with a deep affective-emotional coefficient; the emotional truth that each of us is interested in love, in the third age more than ever, is constantly demonstrated: the fact of feeling loved greatly increases our self-esteem, whatever age we are. And feelings are - in certain aspects - instruments of the presence of transcendence in our lives. Teofil Tia Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/134 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/135 The Commemorative Year of Hymnographers can provide the impetus for 21st century theologians to recover, promote and value this priceless treasure of Eastern Orthodox spirituality that is hymnography. Hymnography appeared relatively late as an object of study in theology, although it was an object of research for foreign Catholic and Protestant scholars who saw in Eastern hymn poetry a real treasure to be exploited, promoted and used. In contemporaneity, Eastern hymnography has been studied at the highest level by Western theologians who converted to Orthodoxy, among whom Karl Christian Felmy takes a place of honour. Byzantine hymnography, inextricably linked to the melodic element, went through several phases of development and consolidation in the history of Orthodox worship: Hymnography of the apostolic period; covers the first three centuries of Christianity, the second period, which stretches between the 4th - 8th centuries, in which the Christian Church had to face the great challenges of the Christological heresies and in which the Ecumenical Councils met which approved the Orthodox teaching about the Second and Third Person of the Holy Trinity, but also the teaching about the Virgin Mary as the Mother of God. The third period stretches from the 8th to the 10th century and was marked by the great work of the greatest Orthodox hymnographer, John Damascene (died 749), to whom the organization and systematization of the Octoih is attributed. Vasile Stanciu Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/135 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/136 The art and iconography of ancient Russia will be formed quite late in relation to Byzantine art whose origin and source it will be refreshed, from starting with the tenth century. It will include Kiev, Novgorod, Valadimir-Suzdal and Moscow. The presence of the Eastern faith and its acceptance will be made by Vladimir I in 988. A number of monumental churches built of stone will replace the wooden ones. Thus, in Kiev will rise the grandiose Hagia Sophia cathedral belonging to the eleventh century. The model will be followed in Novgorod, the Church of the Transfiguration or in Moscow the Church of St. Basil Blazheni in the sixteenth century. The frescoes, mosaics that embellish churches are relevant. We note the considerable efforts of the great Byzantine painter Theophanes and, of course, of his apprentice, Andrei Rublev. Marcel Ghe. Muntean Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/136 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/137 The Deisis icon is part of the heritage of the Ethnographic Museum of Transylvania. It is painted in the tempera technique on a wooden panel and dates from the 18th century, being attributed to a painter from the center of Feisa. The constituent materials were investigated by non-destructive analysis: X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and microscopy. Over the primer made of gypsum and animal glue the author painted using pigments such as lead red, mercury red, lead white, orpiment, brass powder for aura, iron/manganese black and copper green. The materials used are generally cheap and easily accessible. Brass powder was used instead of gold leaf and cinnabar was only used in very small quantities for painting the faces. The use of brass powder is unusual, instead of gold or silver leaf painters used orpiment as a cheaper alternative (here used on extended areas but not on the aura). Dan Nemeș, Olivia-Florena Nemeș Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/137 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/139 The wooden icon «Deisis» belongs to the Ethnographic Museum of Transylvania, and is attributed to Andrei Zugrav (dated 1730). The constituent materials were investigated by non-destructive analysis: X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and microscopy. Investigations have demonstrated the use of common materials for that period, the execution technique being tempera grassa (mixture of pigment, egg yolk and vegetable oil). The primer is based on calcium (possibly calcium carbonate). The pigments used were iron red, lead red (lead minium), orpiment (arsenic sulphide), lead white and iron/manganese black. Gold and silver leaf was used for the aura. Olivia Florena Nemeș, Mioara Sîntiuan, Dana Benkara, Daniela Toader Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/139 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/140 Redefi ning the Feminine and the Masculine in Recent Civilization. Psycho-social-pastoral reading. Both masculinity and femininity are an essential part of human nature, but their understanding cannot be achieved without relating to otherness, and the necessary tool in this process is communication. Emotional imbalance exists not because the definition of masculine and feminine is not clear, but because we either do not accept the changes that society is adopting regarding neutral tasks, or we categorically refuse to assume gender roles. The essence is education, counseling and family support, and the Church, through pastoral counseling, can establish a balance in the future of new generations. Alexandra Coroian-Georgiu Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/140 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/141 Prayer is man’s silent dialogue with God, constituting the space and time for the approach between the earthly plane and the heavenly plane. Man’s soul can meet his Creator through the word, but also through a humble silence. The path of prayer has several stages of internalization: spoken prayer, whispered prayer, thought prayer and the felt, lived prayer. The final stage of prayer, as a state of internalization, represents the descent of the mind into the heart, amidst a state of divine grace, called enlightening, meaning that inner stillness which leads to the peace of Christ. The prayer of the mind lowered into the heart is called the Jesus Prayer, in which the power of the Name of Jesus gives rise in our souls to „countless thoughts as bright as the sun” (St. Isihie of Sinai). Dan Nemeș Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/141 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/142 In a world increasingly distant from truth and values, the learning words of our ancestors become prophetic landmarks in the life of the family and young people. The present conference highlights the deep experience and thinking, of the worthy memorial, the Archbishop Pimen Zainea. Loving of a nation and homeland, he continued faithfully the work of charity, philanthropy and culture of our ancestors. Haralambie (Constantin) Țanef Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/142 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/143 High "Romanian School of Characterology" proposed by Constantin Rădulescu-Motru. The "energetic personalism" thesis - the epicenter of a lifetime's creation Constantin Rădulescu-Motru’s life’s work can be concentrated in this thesis of „energetic personalism”. Assessing the relevance or actuality of a philosophical thesis depends largely on the perspective and interpretation of each individual researcher or philosopher. „Energetic personalism” was a philosophical concept developed by Constantin Rădulescu-Motru in his attempt to reconcile the concepts of personalist philosophy with Hermann von Helmholtz’s energetic theory. Rădulescu-Motru tried to apply energetic principles to human and social phenomena, arguing that individual and social energies are interconnected and interdependent. In academic circles, philosophical theories can be discussed and analysed according to era and cultural context. Some scholars may consider that certain ideas or theories are no longer relevant to the contemporary world, while others, on the contrary, that they have great value or can be reinterpreted in the current context. This is also the position of the present research, which aims to bring the life’s work of a great man of culture of the Romanian past back to the present. Rafael Vintilă Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/143 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/144 Experiencing traumatic events can be an extremely sensitive and challenging subject for many of us. How do we deal with these stressors? How do they affect us? What can we do to make traumatic events have consequences with the least invasive effects? The current study aims to largely outline answers to these questions, but more than that to identify the main religious coping strategies used by individuals who have faced traumatic events over time, a secondary objective being to highlight the main effects they had on a physiological, psychological and emotional level. Participants will answer through the Google Forms platform several questions that refer to both their traumatic experience and how they coped with negative events. Later, through content analysis, we will filter the obtained data and expect to identify what was the role that religious practices had in the recovery from the experience of trauma. We expect that the most common religious practices with beneficial effects in dealing with trauma are praying, attending services and other events organized by the Church, or reading and listening to excerpts and recordings with religious content. At the end of the paper, we will be able to observe which were the most frequent and useful religious coping mechanisms used, depending on the type of trauma. The implications of such an interdisciplinary approach are extremely useful for psychotherapists, counselors, psychiatrists, priests, or even for each of us individually as we will know what would be some of the most effective coping mechanisms we can call upon. Anca-Maria Bica Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/144 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/145 Dacian But-Căpușan Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/145 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/146 Dacian But-Căpușan Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/146 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/147 Cosmin Trif, Nicolae-Dragoș Kerekes, Dacian But-Căpușan Copyright (c) 2024 Yearbook (“Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca. Faculty of Orthodox Theology) https://anuarfto.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/anuarfto/article/view/147 Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000